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This paper defines a whole-building cooling and heating efficiency measure, called the building systems load/energy ratio (LER), as a comprehensive HVAC system efficiency measure. The LER for cooling--or separately, heating--is the ratio of the total cooling/heating loads on the building's heating and cooling systems to the total energy input provided by all the heating and cooling system componentsto meet the loads. Hence, it is basically a system coefficient of performance (COP) or "efficiency" that includes all of the heating and cooling system energy consumed instead of just the boiler or chiller energy. Specifically, the building systems total load is composed of the envelope load, the load from internal gains, and the ventilation load on the secondary systems. The total energy input includes inputs to chillers, boilers, pumps, and fans on both the air side and water side. Hourly LER values for both heating and cooling are calculated separately when there are both heating and cooling loads in a building during the same hour. The LER may bedefined in terms of the cost of different energy sources, interms of site energy consumption, or in terms of source energy consumption. Two buildings on the Texas A

Product Details

Published: 2018 Number of Pages: 16Units of Measure:DualFile Size: 1 file , 810 KB Product Code(s): D-CH-18-008